They will be less stressed and show their best colors in a well-decorated aquarium with a dark substrate and subdued lighting. Do not forget to treat tap water with Aqueon Water Conditioner before refilling your aquarium!īaby piranhas can be kept temporarily in aquariums as small as 20 gallons, but in the long run, adults will need at least 100 gallons or more depending on how many you have. Maintain good filtration and change 10% of the water weekly or 25% every 2 weeks using an Aqueon Aquarium Water Changer or Siphon Vacuum Gravel Cleaner. They are also sensitive to certain medications, so read directions carefully before treating them. Like many tetras and silver scaled fish, piranhas are sensitive to sudden temperature changes and are prone to ick if the temperature is too low. If the aquarium is kept in a room below 75°, use an Aqueon Aquarium Heater to maintain proper temperature. pH should be between 6.5 and 7.8, alkalinity between 3° and 8° (50 ppm to 140 ppm), and temperature between 75° and 80° F. Most other species are wild-caught but can be acclimated to tap water as long as extremes are avoided. While piranhas are found in soft, low pH water in the wild, virtually all red-bellies sold today are raised commercially in water that often has a higher pH and alkalinity than their native habitats. They inhabit open water channels, small tributaries, shallow backwaters, oxbows and temporary forest pools created during the rainy season.
Piranhas are found in the Amazon Basin, Rio Paraguay, Rio Paraná and several other river systems of South America. Piranhas are banned as pets in many areas, particularly in the southern United States, so check local regulations before purchasing them, especially online. Properly kept, they are interesting and beautiful fish, but they have a few special needs, and caring for them long term requires true commitment. Most species are not as aggressive as their reputation suggests and many are omnivores, which include plants, seeds and fruit in their diet. Several other species are available from time to time, including the black piranha, Serrasalmus rhombeus and wimpel piranha, Catoprion mento, which is not actually a true piranha but rather a close relative.
Females tend to be larger and less colorful. The most common piranha in the aquarium trade is the red bellied, Pygocentrus nattereri, a silver-grey fish with bright red-orange in the throat, breast and stomach area. There is some debate as to how many different species there are, but it is thought to be somewhere between 20 and 50. They are related to pacu, silver dollars and tetras. Piranhas are shoaling fish that belong to the family Serrasalmidae.